Microevolution

Microevolution studies evolutionary processes in populations that lead to the formation of two or more new species from one ancestral. The exhibition hall includes four topics. The first section tells about different forms and mechanisms of genetic variation that serves as material for evolutionary change. Individual genetic variation puts individuals of the same species in unequal position which creates a competitive effect of natural selection in the struggle for existence. The exposition of the second sector displays examples of struggle for existence and natural selection, adaptations as the main evolutionary result of natural selection. Natural selection can be different in various populations of the species which leads to geographical variation and the formation of new species. The exposition of the sector “Species and speciation” gives more detailed information on this subject.  When speciation is complete, animals of new species can coexist within a single community. The final section of the hall presents different types of relationships between species in communities and how these relationships lead to the formation of integrity and stability of the entire community. 

Just as there are no absolutely identical people, there are no identical individuals of any other species. The individual variability is shown in the example of the Fox Vulpes Vulpes.

Age-related variability includes changes that happen in particular features of an organism such as body proportions or size of horns with age. 

Sexual dimorphism is the condition where the two sexes of the same species exhibit different physical characteristics.

A point mutation is a random replacement of nucleotides in DNA sequences. Point mutations create different alternatives of one gene which causes the formation of a range of hereditary genetic variability.